http://www.nap.edu/rss?topic=276 2013-05-24T19:00:34-04:00 Science books from the publishers for the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council tag:nap.edu,2013:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5491#final 2013-05-09T10:41:28-04:00 2013-05-09T10:41:28-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Sensors, satellite photography, and multispectral imaging are associated with futuristic space and communications science. Increasingly, however, they are considered part of the future of agriculture. The use of advanced technologies for crop production is known as precision agriculture, and its rapid emergence means the potential for revolutionary change throughout the agricultural sector.</p> <p><b>Precision Agriculture in the 21st Century</b> provides an overview of the specific technologies and practices under the umbrella of precision agriculture, exploring the full implications of their adoption by farmers and agricultural managers. The volume discusses how precision agriculture could dramatically affect decisionmaking in irrigation, crop selection, pest management, environmental issues, and pricing and market conditions. It also examines the geographical dimensions--farm, regional, national--of precision agriculture and looks at how quickly and how widely the agricultural community can be expected to adopt the new information technologies.</p> <p><b>Precision Agriculture in the 21st Century</b> highlights both the uncertainties and the exciting possibilities of this emerging approach to farming. This book will be important to anyone concerned about the future of agriculture: policymakers, regulators, scientists, farmers, educators, students, and suppliers to the agricultural industry.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5491">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=295'>Agricultural Facilities and Equipment</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/FBuZZ5ULAAo" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5491 tag:nap.edu,2012:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13521#final 2012-12-28T00:00:00-05:00 2012-12-28T16:24:39-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>The U.S. food system provides many benefits, not the least of which is a safe, nutritious and consistent food supply. However, the same system also creates significant environmental, public health, and other costs that generally are not recognized and not accounted for in the retail price of food. These include greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, soil erosion, air pollution, and their environmental consequences, the transfer of antibiotic resistance from food animals to human, and other human health outcomes, including foodborne illnesses and chronic disease. Some external costs which are also known as externalities are accounted for in ways that do not involve increasing the price of food. But many are not. They are borne involuntarily by society at large. A better understanding of external costs would help decision makers at all stages of the life cycle to expand the benefits of the U.S. food system even further. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the National Research Council (NRC) with support from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) convened a public workshop on April 23-23, 2012, to explore the external costs of food, methodologies for quantifying those costs, and the limitations of the methodologies.</p> <p><br /> The workshop was intended to be an information-gathering activity only. Given the complexity of the issues and the broad areas of expertise involved, workshop presentations and discussions represent only a small portion of the current knowledge and are by no means comprehensive. The focus was on the environmental and health impacts of food, using externalities as a basis for discussion and animal products as a case study. The intention was not to quantify costs or benefits, but rather to lay the groundwork for doing so. A major goal of the workshop was to identify information sources and methodologies required to recognize and estimate the costs and benefits of environmental and public health consequences associated with the U.S. food system. It was anticipated that the workshop would provide the basis for a follow-up consensus study of the subject and that a central task of the consensus study will be to develop a framework for a full-scale accounting of the environmental and public health effects for all food products of the U.S. food system.</p> <p> <br /> <em>Exploring Health and Environmental Costs of Food: Workshop Summary </em>provides the basis for a follow-up planning discussion involving members of the IOM Food and Nutrition Board and the NRC Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources and others to develop the scope and areas of expertise needed for a larger-scale, consensus study of the subject.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13521">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=287'>Food and Nutrition</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=383'>Production and Safety</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/Xg8zQsw2o5U" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13521 tag:nap.edu,2012:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13428#final 2012-10-23T13:35:33-04:00 2012-10-23T14:04:05-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Societies have sought to improve the outputs of their agricultural producers for thousands of years. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, efforts to convey agricultural knowledge to farmers became known as extension services, a term adopted from programs at Oxford and Cambridge designed to extend the knowledge generated at universities to surrounding communities. Traditionally, extension services have emphasized a top-down model of technology transfer that encourages and teaches producers to use crop and livestock varieties and agricultural practices that will increase food production. More recently, extension services have moved toward a facilitation model, in which extension agents work with producers to identify their needs and the best sources of expertise to help meet those needs.</p> <p>On May 1, 2012, the Roundtable on Science, Technology, and Peacebuilding held a workshop in Washington, DC, to explore whether and how extension activities could serve peacebuilding purposes. The Roundtable is a partnership between the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and the U.S. Institute of Peace (USIP). It consists of senior executives and experts from leading governmental organizations, universities, corporations, and nongovernmental organizations, was established in 2011 to make a measurable and positive impact on conflict management, peacebuilding, and security capabilities. Its principal goals are:</p> <ol> <li>To accelerate the application of science and technology to the process of peacebuilding and stabilization;</li> <li>To promote systematic, high-level communication between peacebuilding and technical organizations on the problems faced and the technical capabilities required for successful peacebuilding; and</li> <li>To collaborate in applying new science and technology to the most pressing challenges for local and international peacebuilders working in conflict zones.</li> </ol> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13428">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=284'></a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=365'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'></a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/M2r5De95eI8" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13428 tag:nap.edu,2012:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13518#final 2012-10-22T09:50:10-04:00 2012-10-22T09:50:21-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Preserving the efficacy of herbicides and of herbicide-resistance technology depends on awareness of the increasing resistance of weeds to herbicides used in agriculture and coordinated action to address the problem by individuals at the farm level and beyond. This summit served as a venue to bring the attention of important stakeholders to the issue and as an opportunity for experts from diverse disciplines to strategize in a coordinated way to address herbicide-resistant weeds.</p> <p>In convening stakeholders for this event, participants took a step toward a recommendation from the 2010 National Research Council report<em> The Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops on Farm Sustainability in the United States </em>that federal and state government agencies, private-sector technology developers, universities, farmer organizations, and other relevant stakeholders collaborate to document emerging weed-resistance problems and to develop cost-effective resistance-management programs and practices that preserve effective weed control. The summit provided the opportunity for stakeholders to explore the scientific basis of the emergence of herbicide resistance and to consider different perspectives on both opportunities and barriers to overcoming the problem of herbicide-resistant weeds. <em>National Summit on Strategies to Manage Herbicide-Resistant Weeds</em> contains a brief synopsis of key points made by each speaker at the summit.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13518">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'></a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=299'>Pesticides, Insecticides and Herbicides</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'></a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/Pr87k4Cw_dU" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13518 tag:nap.edu,2012:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13454#final 2012-09-28T00:00:00-04:00 2012-09-28T12:38:30-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Outbreaks of animal disease can have catastrophic repercussions for animal agriculture, the food supply, and public health. Rapid detection, diagnosis and response, as well as development of new vaccines, are central to mitigating the impact of disease outbreaks. The proposed National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF) is a next-generation laboratory for animal disease diagnostics, training, and research that would provide core critical components for defense against foreign animal and zoonotic disease threats. But it will be a major investment with estimated construction costs of $1.14 billion, as currently designed.</p> <p><em>Meeting Critical Laboratory Needs for Animal Agriculture: Examination of Three Options</em>discusses the laboratory infrastructure needed to effectively address the threat posed by animal and zoonotic diseases and analyzes three options for creating this infrastructure: building NBAF as currently designed, building a scaled-back version of the NBAF, or maintaining current research capabilities at Plum Island Animal Disease Center while leveraging biosafety level-4 large animal capabilities at foreign laboratories.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13454">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/Fts9vbXacmk" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13454 tag:nap.edu,2012:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13413#prepub 2012-05-30T12:45:01-04:00 2012-05-30T12:45:40-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Prepublication Now Available</strong></p> <p>The U.S. veterinary medical profession contributes to society in diverse ways, from developing drugs and protecting the food supply to treating companion animals and investigating animal diseases in the wild. In a study of the issues related to the veterinary medical workforce, including demographics, workforce supply, trends affecting job availability, and capacity of the educational system to fill future demands, a National Research Council committee found that the profession faces important challenges in maintaining the economic sustainability of veterinary practice and education, building its scholarly foundations, and evolving veterinary service to meet changing societal needs.</p> <p><br /> Many concerns about the profession came into focus following the outbreak of West Nile fever in 1999, and the subsequent outbreaks of SARS, monkeypox, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, highly pathogenic avian influenza, H1N1 influenza, and a variety of food safety and environmental issues heightened public concerns. They also raised further questions about the directions of veterinary medicine and the capacity of public health service the profession provides both in the United States and abroad.</p> <p><br /> To address some of the problems facing the veterinary profession, greater public and private support for education and research in veterinary medicine is needed. The public, policymakers, and even medical professionals are frequently unaware of how veterinary medicine fundamentally supports both animal and human health and well-being. This report seeks to broaden the public's understanding and attempts to anticipate some of the needs and measures that are essential for the profession to fulfill given its changing roles in the 21st century.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13413">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=317'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/2D5VFyWhMDA" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13413 tag:nap.edu,2012:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13378#final 2012-02-28T00:00:00-05:00 2012-02-28T14:17:34-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>The National Research Council's Science and Technology for Sustainability Program hosted two workshops in 2011 addressing the sustainability challenges associated with food security for all. The first workshop, Measuring Food Insecurity and Assessing the Sustainability of Global Food Systems, explored the availability and quality of commonly used indicators for food security and malnutrition; poverty; and natural resources and agricultural productivity. It was organized around the three broad dimensions of sustainable food security: (1) availability, (2) access, and (3) utilization. The workshop reviewed the existing data to encourage action and identify knowledge gaps. The second workshop, Exploring Sustainable Solutions for Increasing Global Food Supplies, focused specifically on assuring the availability of adequate food supplies. How can food production be increased to meet the needs of a population expected to reach over 9 billion by 2050? Workshop objectives included identifying the major challenges and opportunities associated with achieving sustainable food security and identifying needed policy, science, and governance interventions. Workshop participants discussed long term natural resource constraints, specifically water, land and forests, soils, biodiversity and fisheries. They also examined the role of knowledge, technology, modern production practices, and infrastructure in supporting expanded agricultural production and the significant risks to future productivity posed by climate change. This is a report of two workshops. </p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13378">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=375'>Sustainable Development</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=287'>Food and Nutrition</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=382'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/rFknTLEpIK0" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13378 tag:nap.edu,2011:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13257#final 2011-12-15T10:45:30-05:00 2012-09-04T15:34:49-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>For many years, experiments using chimpanzees have been instrumental in advancing scientific knowledge and have led to new medicines to prevent life-threatening and debilitating diseases. However, recent advances in alternate research tools have rendered chimpanzees largely unnecessary as research subjects. The Institute of Medicine, in collaboration with the National Research Council, conducted an in-depth analysis of the scientific necessity for chimpanzees in NIH-funded biomedical and behavioral research. The committee concludes that while the chimpanzee has been a valuable animal model in the past, most current biomedical research use of chimpanzees is not necessary, though noted that it is impossible to predict whether research on emerging or new diseases may necessitate chimpanzees in the future.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13257">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=399'>Public Health and Prevention</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/lEqZBH5euOw" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13257 tag:nap.edu,2011:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13278#final 2011-11-30T10:45:02-05:00 2011-11-30T10:45:26-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>The control of illicit-drug trafficking and drug use is a difficult and complex process that involves a variety of prevention, control, treatment, and law enforcement strategies. Eradication strategies for controlling illicit-drug crops are used to target the beginning of the drug-supply chain by preventing or reducing crop yields. Mycoherbicides have been proposed as an eradication tool to supplement the current methods of herbicide spraying, mechanical removal, and manual destruction of illicit-drug crops. Some people regard them as preferable to chemical herbicides for controlling illicit-drug crops because of their purported specificity to only one plant species or a few closely related species. As living microorganisms, they have the potential to provide long-term control if they can persist in the environment and affect later plantings. Research on mycoherbicides against illicit-drug crops has focused on three pathogens: <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f.sp. <i>cannabis</i> for cannabis (<i>Cannabis sativa</i>), F. <i>oxysporum</i> f.sp. erythroxyli for coca (<em>Erythroxylum coca</em> and <em>E. novogranatense</em>), and <em>Crivellia papaveracea</em> or <em>Brachycladium papaveris</em> (formerly known as <em>Pleospora papaveracea </em>and <em>Dendryphion penicillatum</em>, respectively) for opium poppy (<em>Papaver somniferum</em>).</p> <p><i>Feasibility of Using Mycoherbicides for Controlling Illicit Drug Crops</i> addresses issues about the potential use of the proposed mycoherbicides: their effectiveness in eradicating their target plants; the feasibility of their large-scale industrial manufacture and delivery; their potential spread and persistence in the environment; their pathogenicity and toxicity to nontarget organisms, including other plants, fungi, animals, and humans; their potential for mutation and resulting effects on target plants and nontarget organisms; and research and development needs.</p> <p>On the basis of its review, the report concludes that the available data are insufficient to determine the effectiveness of the specific fungi proposed as mycoherbicides to combat illicit-drug crops or to determine their potential effects on nontarget plants, microorganisms, animals, humans, or the environment. However, the committee offers an assessment of what can and cannot be determined at the present time regarding each of the issues raised in the statement of task.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13278">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=299'>Pesticides, Insecticides and Herbicides</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/iSxK5zfxGvY" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13278 tag:nap.edu,2011:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13241#final 2011-09-16T00:00:00-04:00 2011-08-30T09:45:11-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>The publication of research articles involving animal studies is central to many disciplines in science and biomedicine. Effective descriptions in such publications enable researchers to interpret the data, evaluate and replicate findings, and move the science forward. Analyses of published studies with research animals have demonstrated numerous deficiencies in the reporting of details in research methods for animal studies. Considerable variation in the amount of information required by scientific publications and reported by authors undermines this basic scientific principle and results in the unnecessary use of animals and other resources in failed efforts to reproduce study results. <br /> <br /> <em>Guidance for the Description of Animal Research in Scientific Publications</em> outlines the information that should be included in scientific papers regarding the animal studies to ensure that the study can be replicated. The report urges journal editors to actively promote effective and ethical research by encouraging the provision of sufficient information. Examples of this information include: conditions of housing and husbandry, genetic nomenclature, microbial status, detailed experimental manipulations, and handling and use of pharmaceuticals. Inclusion of this information will enable assessment and interpretation of research findings and advancement of knowledge based on reproducible results.</p> <br /> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13241">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/z-cJGHcxdp0" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13241 tag:nap.edu,2011:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13147#final 2011-09-09T08:45:02-04:00 2011-09-09T09:49:17-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Fungal diseases have contributed to death and disability in humans, triggered global wildlife extinctions and population declines, devastated agricultural crops, and altered forest ecosystem dynamics. Despite the extensive influence of fungi on health and economic well-being, the threats posed by emerging fungal pathogens to life on Earth are often underappreciated and poorly understood. On December 14 and 15, 2010, the IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop to explore the scientific and policy dimensions associated with the causes and consequences of emerging fungal diseases.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13147">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=388'>Diseases - Other</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=399'>Public Health and Prevention</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/AkG7ebTE9Ys" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13147 tag:nap.edu,2011:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13175#final 2011-08-22T09:45:01-04:00 2011-08-22T09:45:28-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Animal research will play an essential role in efforts to meet increasing demands for global health care. Yet the animal research community faces the challenge of overcoming negative impressions that industry and academia engage in international collaborations in order to conduct work in parts of the world where animal welfare standards are less stringent. Thus, the importance of ensuring the international harmonization of the principles and standards of animal care and use cannot be overstated. A number of national and international groups are actively working toward this goal.</p> <p>The Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (ILAR), a program unit of the US National Research Council, is committed to promoting both the welfare of animals used in research and the quality of the resulting science. In 2008, to follow up on the 2003 event, ILAR convened a workshop which brought together 200 participants from 17 countries. Their mission was to identify and promote better understanding of important challenges in the conduct of animal research across country boundaries. These challenges include: the sourcing of animals; the quality of veterinary care; competent staff; the provision of a suitable environment (including nutritious food and potable water) for animals; and ongoing oversight of the animal program; among others.</p> <p><em>Animal Research in a Global Environment</em> summarizes the proceedings of the 2008 workshop. The impact of this 2008 workshop has extended beyond the oral presentations conveyed in these proceedings. It has been a vital bridge for diverse colleagues and organizations around the world to advance initiatives designed to fill gaps in standards, professional qualifications, and coordination of animal use.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13175">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/uiaQKXf-d_M" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13175 tag:nap.edu,2011:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13039#final 2011-05-31T09:45:01-04:00 2011-05-31T09:45:05-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Aquaculture now supplies half of the seafood and fisheries products consumed worldwide and is gaining international significance as a source of food and income. Future demands for seafood and fisheries products can only be met by expanded aquaculture production. Such production will likely become more intensive and will depend increasingly on nutritious and efficient aquaculture feeds containing ingredients from sustainable sources. </p> <p>To meet this challenge, <em>Nutrient Requirements of Fish and Shrimp</em> provides a comprehensive summary of current knowledge about nutrient requirements of fish and shrimp and supporting nutritional science. This edition incorporates new material and significant updates to information in the 1993 edition. It also examines the practical aspects of feeding of fish and shrimp. </p> <p><em>Nutrient Requirements of Fish and Shrimp</em> will be a key resource for everyone involved in aquaculture and for others responsible for the feeding and care of fish and shrimp. It will also aid scientists in developing new and improved approaches to satisfy the demands of the growing aquaculture industry.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13039">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/x8OKYAzNigQ" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13039 tag:nap.edu,2011:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11653#final 2011-05-03T14:32:40-04:00 2011-05-03T14:32:51-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Proper formulation of diets for horses depends on adequate knowledge of their nutrient requirements. These requirements depend on the breed and age of the horse and whether it is exercising, pregnant, or lactating. <P> A great deal of new information has been accumulated since the publication 17 years ago of the last edition of <i>Nutrient Requirements of Horses</i>. This new edition features a detailed review of scientific literature, summarizing all the latest information, and provides a new set of requirements based on revised data. Also included is updated information on the composition of feeds, feed additives, and other compounds routinely fed to horses. The effects of physiological factors, such as exercise, and environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity, are covered, as well. <i>Nutrient Requirements of Horses</I> also contains information on several nutritional and metabolic diseases that horses often have. <p> Designed primarily as a reference, both practical and technical, <i>Nutrient Requirements of Horses</i> is intended to ensure that the diets of horses and other equids contain adequate amounts of nutrients and that the intakes of certain nutrients are not so excessive that they inhibit performance or impair health. This book is primarily intended for animal nutritionists, veterinarians, and other scientists; however, individual horse owners and managers will also find some of this material useful. Professors who teach graduate courses in animal nutrition will find <i>Nutrient Requirements of Horses</I> beneficial as a textbook. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11653">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/w64aPV6CznA" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11653 tag:nap.edu,2010:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12910#final 2010-12-27T00:00:00-05:00 2010-12-27T19:52:57-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>A respected resource for decades, the <i>Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals</i> has been updated by a committee of experts, taking into consideration input from the scientific and laboratory animal communities and the public at large. The <i>Guide</i> incorporates new scientific information on common laboratory animals, including aquatic species, and includes extensive references. It is organized around major components of animal use:</p> <ul> <li><b>Key concepts of animal care and use.</b> The <i>Guide</i> sets the framework for the humane care and use of laboratory animals.</li> <li><b>Animal care and use program.</b> The <i>Guide</i> discusses the concept of a broad Program of Animal Care and Use, including roles and responsibilities of the Institutional Official, Attending Veterinarian and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.</li> <li><b>Animal environment, husbandry, and management.</b> A chapter on this topic is now divided into sections on terrestrial and aquatic animals and provides recommendations for housing and environment, husbandry, behavioral and population management, and more.</li> <li><b>Veterinary care.</b> The <i>Guide</i> discusses veterinary care and the responsibilities of the Attending Veterinarian. It includes recommendations on animal procurement and transportation, preventive medicine (including animal biosecurity), and clinical care and management. The <i>Guide</i> addresses distress and pain recognition and relief, and issues surrounding euthanasia.</li> <li><b>Physical plant.</b> The <i>Guide</i> identifies design issues, providing construction guidelines for functional areas; considerations such as drainage, vibration and noise control, and environmental monitoring; and specialized facilities for animal housing and research needs.</li> </ul> <p>The <i>Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals</i> provides a framework for the judgments required in the management of animal facilities. This updated and expanded resource of proven value will be important to scientists and researchers, veterinarians, animal care personnel, facilities managers, institutional administrators, policy makers involved in research issues, and animal welfare advocates.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12910">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/7e99J9JWyf8" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12910 tag:nap.edu,2010:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12072#final 2010-10-04T10:58:51-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> The Klamath River basin, which spans parts of southern Oregon and northern California, has been the focus of a prominent conflict over competing uses for water. Management actions to protect threatened and endangered fish species in the basin have left less water available for irrigation in dry years and heightened tensions among farmers and other stakeholders including commercial fishermen, Native Americans, conservationists, hunters, anglers, and hydropower producers. This National Research Council book assesses two recent studies that evaluate various aspects of flows in the Klamath basin: (1) the Instream Flow Phase II study (IFS), conducted by Utah State University, and (2) the Natural Flow of the Upper Klamath Basin study (NFS), conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). The book concludes that both studies offer important new information but do not provide enough information for detailed management of flows in the Klamath River, and it offers many suggestions for improving the studies. The report recommends that a comprehensive analysis of the many individual studies of the Klamath river basin be conducted so that a big picture perspective of the entire basin and research and management needs can emerge. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12072">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=368'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/mbxFwafXNi0" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12072 tag:nap.edu,2010:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12832#final 2010-10-04T10:58:51-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>In the last 20 years, there has been a remarkable emergence of innovations and technological advances that are generating promising changes and opportunities for sustainable agriculture, yet at the same time the agricultural sector worldwide faces numerous daunting challenges. Not only is the agricultural sector expected to produce adequate food, fiber, and feed, and contribute to biofuels to meet the needs of a rising global population, it is expected to do so under increasingly scarce natural resources and climate change. Growing awareness of the unintended impacts associated with some agricultural production practices has led to heightened societal expectations for improved environmental, community, labor, and animal welfare standards in agriculture.</p> <p><em>Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century </em>assesses the scientific evidence for the strengths and weaknesses of different production, marketing, and policy approaches for improving and reducing the costs and unintended consequences of agricultural production. It discusses the principles underlying farming systems and practices that could improve the sustainability. It also explores how those lessons learned could be applied to agriculture in different regional and international settings, with an emphasis on sub-Saharan Africa. By focusing on a systems approach to improving the sustainability of U.S. agriculture, this book can have a profound impact on the development and implementation of sustainable farming systems. <em>Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century</em> serves as a valuable resource for policy makers, farmers, experts in food production and agribusiness, and federal regulatory agencies.<br /> </p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12832">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=295'>Agricultural Facilities and Equipment</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=375'>Sustainable Development</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/AJjm2MVJx5U" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12832 tag:nap.edu,2010:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12804#final 2010-07-26T00:00:00-04:00 2010-07-27T16:52:33-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Since genetically engineered (GE) crops were introduced in 1996, their use in the United States has grown rapidly, accounting for 80-90 percent of soybean, corn, and cotton acreage in 2009. To date, crops with traits that provide resistance to some herbicides and to specific insect pests have benefited adopting farmers by reducing crop losses to insect damage, by increasing flexibility in time management, and by facilitating the use of more environmentally friendly pesticides and tillage practices. However, excessive reliance on a single technology combined with a lack of diverse farming practices could undermine the economic and environmental gains from these GE crops. Other challenges could hinder the application of the technology to a broader spectrum of crops and uses.<br /> <br /> Several reports from the National Research Council have addressed the effects of GE crops on the environment and on human health. However, <i>The Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops on Farm Sustainability in the United States</i> is the first comprehensive assessment of the environmental, economic, and social impacts of the GE-crop revolution on U.S. farms. It addresses how GE crops have affected U.S. farmers, both adopters and nonadopters of the technology, their incomes, agronomic practices, production decisions, environmental resources, and personal well-being. The book offers several new findings and four recommendations that could be useful to farmers, industry, science organizations, policy makers, and others in government agencies.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12804">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=299'>Pesticides, Insecticides and Herbicides</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/rYWdTDlc5Bs" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12804 tag:nap.edu,2010:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12880#final 2010-04-15T00:00:00-04:00 2010-03-23T08:15:01-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Citrus greening, a disease that reduces yield, compromises the flavor, color, and size of citrus fruit and eventually kills the citrus tree, is now present in all 34 Floridian citrus-producing counties. Caused by an insect-spread bacterial infection, the disease reduced citrus production in 2008 by several percent and continues to spread, threatening the existence of Florida's $9.3 billion citrus industry. <br /> <br /> A successful citrus greening response will focus on earlier detection of diseased trees, so that these sources of new infections can be removed more quickly, and on new methods to control the insects that carry the bacteria. In the longerterm, technologies such as genomics could be used to develop new citrus strains that are resistant to both the bacteria and the insect.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12880">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=299'>Pesticides, Insecticides and Herbicides</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/x7ud70LWxs8" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12880 tag:nap.edu,2010:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12802#final 2010-03-18T00:00:00-04:00 2010-02-17T15:45:01-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>U.S. mariculture production of bivalve molluscs-those cultivated in the marine environment-has roughly doubled over the last 25 years. Although mariculture operations may expand the production of seafood without additional exploitation of wild populations, they still depend upon and affect natural ecosystems and ecosystem services. Every additional animal has an incremental effect arising from food extraction and waste excretion. Increasing domestic seafood production in the United States in an environmentally and socially responsible way will likely require the use of policy tools, such as best management practices (BMPs) and performance standards.</p> <p>BMPs represent one approach to protecting against undesirable consequences of mariculture. An alternative approach to voluntary or mandatory BMPs is the establishment of performance standards for mariculture. Variability in environmental conditions makes it difficult to develop BMPs that are sufficiently flexible and adaptable to protect ecosystem integrity across a broad range of locations and conditions. An alternative that measures performance in sustaining key indicators of ecosystem state and function may be more effective. Because BMPs address mariculture methods rather than monitoring actual ecosystem responses, they do not guarantee that detrimental ecosystem impacts will be controlled or that unacceptable impact will be avoided.</p> <p><em>Ecosystem Concepts for Sustainable Bivalve Mariculture </em>finds that while performance standards can be applied for some broad ecosystem indicators, BMPs may be more appropriate for addressing parameters that change from site to site, such as the species being cultured, different culture methods, and various environmental conditions. This book takes an in-depth look at the environmental, social, and economic issues to present recommendations for sustainable bivalve mariculture.</p> <p><br /> </p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12802">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=333'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=368'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/PQVqWCHk57s" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12802 tag:nap.edu,2010:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12698#final 2010-03-10T00:00:00-05:00 2009-12-01T08:45:02-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>In 2007 and 2008, the world witnessed a dramatic increase in food prices. The global financial crisis that began in 2008 compounded the burden of high food prices, exacerbating the problems of hunger and malnutrition in developing countries. The tandem food price and economic crises struck amidst the massive, chronic problem of hunger and undernutrition in developing countries. National governments and international actors have taken a variety of steps to mitigate the negative effects of increased food prices on particular groups. The recent abrupt increase in food prices, in tandem with the current global economic crisis, threatens progress already made in these areas, and could inhibit future efforts. <br /> <br /> The Institute of Medicine held a workshop, summarized in this volume, to describe the dynamic technological, agricultural, and economic issues contributing to the food price increases of 2007 and 2008 and their impacts on health and nutrition in resource-poor regions. The compounding effects of the current global economic downturn on nutrition motivated additional discussions on these dual crises, their impacts on the nutritional status of vulnerable populations, and opportunities to mitigate their negative nutritional effects.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12698">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=287'>Food and Nutrition</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=382'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/unT4rUOhqDA" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12698 tag:nap.edu,2009:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12625#final 2009-12-24T00:00:00-05:00 2011-09-12T15:12:38-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>H1N1 ("swine flu"), SARS, mad cow disease, and HIV/AIDS are a few examples of zoonotic diseases-diseases transmitted between humans and animals. Zoonotic diseases are a growing concern given multiple factors: their often novel and unpredictable nature, their ability to emerge anywhere and spread rapidly around the globe, and their major economic toll on several disparate industries.<br /> <br /> Infectious disease surveillance systems are used to detect this threat to human and animal health. By systematically collecting data on the occurrence of infectious diseases in humans and animals, investigators can track the spread of disease and provide an early warning to human and animal health officials, nationally and internationally, for follow-up and response. Unfortunately, and for many reasons, current disease surveillance has been ineffective or untimely in alerting officials to emerging zoonotic diseases.<br /> <br /> <i>Sustaining Global Surveillance and Response to Emerging Zoonotic Diseases</i> assesses some of the disease surveillance systems around the world, and recommends ways to improve early detection and response. The book presents solutions for improved coordination between human and animal health sectors, and among governments and international organizations.<br /> <br /> Parties seeking to improve the detection and response to zoonotic diseases--including U.S. government and international health policy makers, researchers, epidemiologists, human health clinicians, and veterinarians--can use this book to help curtail the threat zoonotic diseases pose to economies, societies, and health.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12625">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=388'>Diseases - Other</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=390'>Global Health</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/R7lGRSpqaGE" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12625 tag:nap.edu,2009:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12641#final 2009-11-30T00:00:00-05:00 2009-05-29T12:45:01-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p><em>Scientific and Humane Issues in the Use of Random-Source Dogs and Cats in Research </em>examines the value of random-source animals in biomedical research and the role of Class B dealers who acquire and resell live dogs and cats to research institutions. Findings include that, while some random-source dogs and cats may be necessary and desirable for National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded research, there is no clear need to obtain those animals from Class B dealers. Several options for random-source animal acquisition already exist and additional options are recommended, which would further ensure the welfare of these animals and foster a positive public image for NIH.<br /> <br /> While the scientific community has recognized and responded to concerns for humane treatment of animals in research, government oversight has thus far been unable to fully enforce the Animal Welfare Act in regard to Class B dealers of live animals. Although the animals acquired by Class B dealers are destined for research--and NIH research in particular--the standard of care while in the possession of some Class B dealers requires an inordinate amount of government enforcement and is not commensurate with the policies of most NIH-funded research laboratories. This dichotomy of standards reflects poorly on public perceptions of NIH and jeopardizes animal welfare. <br /> <br /> This book will be crucial for NIH and other groups using random-source animals in research, including veterinary schools and research facilities. Animal welfare advocates, policy makers, and concerned pet owners will also find this a vital and informative work for reconciling the needs of research with the welfare of animals.<br /> </p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12641">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/RHH9APVvVhc" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12641 tag:nap.edu,2009:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12602#final 2009-10-16T00:00:00-04:00 2009-03-04T08:45:01-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>During the next ten years, colleges of agriculture will be challenged to transform their role in higher education and their relationship to the evolving global food and agricultural enterprise. If successful, agriculture colleges will emerge as an important venue for scholars and stakeholders to address some of the most complex and urgent problems facing society.</p> <p>Such a transformation could reestablish and sustain the historical position of the college of agriculture as a cornerstone institution in academe, but for that to occur, a rapid and concerted effort by our higher education system is needed to shape their academic focus around the reality of issues that define the world's systems of food and agriculture and to refashion the way in which they foster knowledge of those complex systems in their students. Although there is no single approach to transforming agricultural education, a commitment to change is imperative.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12602">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=282'>Education</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=348'>Higher Education</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=282'>Education</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=352'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/f5ASHgFF_6M" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12602 tag:nap.edu,2009:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12762#final 2009-09-14T15:45:02-04:00 2009-09-14T15:45:02-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has classified the Light Brown Apple Moth (LBAM)--originally from Australia and confirmed in California in 2007--as an "actionable quarantine significant pest" and has applied its authority to implement a program of quarantine restrictions and eradication, which has been met with some public resistance. <br /> <br /> Some have petitioned for the LBAM to be reclassified as a "non-actionable pest" based on the argument that the moth is not a significant pest economically and can be controlled by means other than eradication. APHIS asked the Research Council to evaluate the scientific justification of the draft response APHIS wrote to answer the petitions. <br /> <br /> This report from the National Research Council concludes that APHIS is within its broad regulatory authority to classify the LBAM as an "actionable" pest. However, APHIS would benefit greatly from referencing more robust science to support its position, as its draft response did not adequately explain the moth's most likely future geographic distribution in the United States or the level of economic harm it could cause.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12762">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=299'>Pesticides, Insecticides and Herbicides</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/8xT7jlqYlt4" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12762 tag:nap.edu,2009:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12667#final 2009-07-17T00:00:00-04:00 2009-05-05T11:45:01-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>When Drakes Estero, which lies within the Point Reyes National Seashore (PRNS) about 25 miles northwest of San Francisco, California, was designated by Congress in 1976 as Potential Wilderness, it contained a commercial shellfish mariculture operation. Oyster mariculture began in Drakes Estero with the introduction of the nonnative Pacific oyster in 1932, and has been conducted continuously from that date forward. Hence, the cultural history of oyster farming predates the designation of Point Reyes as a National Seashore in 1962. <br /> <br /> Nevertheless, with the approach of the 2012 expiration date of the current National Park Service (NPS) Reservation of Use and Occupancy (RUO) and Special Use Permit (SUP) that allows Drakes Bay Oyster Company (DBOC) to operate within the estero, NPS has expressed concern over the scope and intensity of impacts of the shellfish culture operations on the estero's ecosystem. Public debate over whether scientific information justifies closing the oyster farm led to the request for this study to help clarify the scientific issues raised with regard to the shellfish mariculture activities in Drakes Estero.<br /> </p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12667">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=333'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/SeB8U41qpgU" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12667 tag:nap.edu,2009:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12594#final 2009-05-14T08:45:01-04:00 2009-05-14T08:45:01-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Legal regulations and manufacturers' monitoring practices have not been enough to prevent contamination of the national food supply and protect consumers from serious harm. In addressing food safety risks, regulators could perhaps better ensure the quality and safety of food by monitoring food production not just at a single point in production but all along the way, from farm to table. </p> <p>Recognizing the troubled state of food safety, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Food Forum met in Washington, DC, on September 9, 2008, to explore the management of food safety practices from the beginning of the supply chain to the marketplace.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12594">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=287'>Food and Nutrition</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=383'>Production and Safety</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/hG4SYLBYJl0" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12594 tag:nap.edu,2009:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12455#final 2009-01-21T00:00:00-05:00 2008-07-31T10:45:01-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Increased agricultural productivity is a major stepping stone on the path out of poverty in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, but farmers there face tremendous challenges improving production. Poor soil, inefficient water use, and a lack of access to plant breeding resources, nutritious animal feed, high quality seed, and fuel and electricity-combined with some of the most extreme environmental conditions on Earth-have made yields in crop and animal production far lower in these regions than world averages. </p> <p><em>Emerging Technologies to Benefit Farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia</em> identifies sixty emerging technologies with the potential to significantly improve agricultural productivity in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Eighteen technologies are recommended for immediate development or further exploration. Scientists from all backgrounds have an opportunity to become involved in bringing these and other technologies to fruition. The opportunities suggested in this book offer new approaches that can synergize with each other and with many other activities to transform agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12455">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=295'>Agricultural Facilities and Equipment</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/IBJcSrA0pGo" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12455 tag:nap.edu,2008:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12522#final 2008-12-31T08:45:01-05:00 2008-12-31T08:45:01-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>One of the biggest threats today is the uncertainty surrounding the emergence of a novel pathogen or the re-emergence of a known infectious disease that might result in disease outbreaks with great losses of human life and immense global economic consequences. Over the past six decades, most of the emerging infectious disease events in humans have been caused by zoonotic pathogens--those infectious agents that are transmitted from animals to humans.</p> <p>In June 2008, the Institute of Medicine's and National Research Council's Committee on Achieving Sustainable Global Capacity for Surveillance and Response to Emerging Diseases of Zoonotic Origin convened a workshop. This workshop addressed the reasons for the transmission of zoonotic disease and explored the current global capacity for zoonotic disease surveillance.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12522">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=399'>Public Health and Prevention</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=388'>Diseases - Other</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/6ZK1YrBTHz0" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12522 tag:nap.edu,2008:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12461#final 2008-12-31T00:00:00-05:00 2008-08-21T10:45:30-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Growing numbers of pet owners are giving their pets dietary supplements in hopes of supporting their health. Many people presume that supplements are safer than drugs, but the reality is that there are very limited safety data on dietary supplements for pets.</p> <p>Many challenges stand in the way of determining whether animal dietary supplements are safe and at what dosage. Supplements considered safe in humans and other species are not always safe in horses, dogs, and cats. An improved adverse event reporting system is badly needed. Also, the absence of laws and regulations that specifically address animal dietary supplements causes considerable confusion to the industry and to the public. Clear and precise regulations are needed to allow only safe dietary supplements on the market.</p> <p>This book examines issues in determining safety of animal dietary supplements in general, and the safety of three animal dietary supplements; lutein, evening primrose oil, and garlic, in particular.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12461">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=280'>Conflict and Security Issues</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=326'>Military and Defense Studies</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/WMLrlRHVHR8" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12461 tag:nap.edu,2008:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12218#final 2008-11-03T00:00:00-05:00 2008-05-29T09:45:01-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Since the first commercial introduction of transgenic corn plants in 1995, biotechnology has provided enormous benefits to agricultural crop production. Research is underway to develop a much broader range of genetically engineered organisms (GEOs), including fish, trees, microbes, and insects, that could have the potential to transform fields such as aquaculture, biofuels production, bioremediation, biocontrol, and even the production of pharmaceuticals . However, biotechnology is not without risk and continues to be an extremely controversial topic. Chief among the concerns is the potential ecological effects of GEOs that interact with wildlife and habitats.<br /> <br /> The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is charged with providing scientific advice to inform federal agencies that manage wildlife and their habitats. USGS has identified biotechnology as one of its major challenges for future research. Seeing an opportunity to initiate a dialogue between ecologists and developers of GEOs about this challenge, the USGS and the National Research Council (NRC) held a two-day workshop in November of 2007, to identify research activities with the greatest potential to provide the information needed to assess the ecological effects of GEOs on wildlife and habitats. The workshop, designed to approach the research questions from a habitat, rather than transgenic organism, perspective, is summarized in this book.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12218">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=368'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=315'>Genetics</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/qJ1JZNrBFm0" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12218 tag:nap.edu,2008:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12245#final 2008-09-26T00:00:00-04:00 2008-06-11T09:45:02-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> The U.S. sheep industry is complex, multifaceted, and rooted in history and tradition. The dominant feature of sheep production in the United States, and, thus, the focus of much producer and policy concern, has been the steady decline in sheep and lamb inventories since the mid-1940s. Although often described as "an industry in decline," this report concludes that a better description of the current U.S. sheep industry is "an industry in transition." <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12245">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/99C6nx0vaME" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12245 tag:nap.edu,2008:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12216#final 2008-06-30T00:00:00-04:00 2008-06-19T09:45:09-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Many developing countries are exploring whether biotechnology has a role in addressing national issues such as food security and environmental remediation, and are considering whether the putative benefits of the technology-for example, enabling greater agricultural productivity and stability in the food supply-outweigh concerns that the technology might pose a danger-to biodiversity, health, and local jobs. Some policy leaders worry that their governments are not prepared to take control of this evolving technology and that introducing it into society would be a risky act. Others have suggested that taking no action carries more risk, given the dire need to produce more food. This book reports on an international workshop held to address these issues. Global Challenges and Directions for Agricultural Biotechnology: Mapping the Course, organized by the National Research Council on October 24-25, 2004, in Washington, DC, focused on the potential applications of biotechnology and what developing countries might consider as they contemplate adopting biotechnology. Presenters at the workshop described applications of biotechnology that are already proving their utility in both developing and developed countries.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12216">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=314'>Biotechnology</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/kAO2JUae5Nc" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12216 tag:nap.edu,2008:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12088#final 2008-06-10T00:00:00-04:00 2007-12-19T09:45:14-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> The agriculture, forestry, and fishing sectors are the cornerstone of industries that produce food, fiber, and biofuel. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts research in order to improve worker safety and health in these sectors. This National Research Council book reviews the NIOSH Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing Program to evaluate the 1) relevance of its work to improvements in occupational safety and health and 2) the impact of research in reducing workplace illnesses and injuries. The assessment reveals that the program has made meaningful contributions to improving worker safety and health in these fields. To enhance the relevance and impact of its work and fulfill its mission, the NIOSH Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing Program should provide national leadership, coordination of research, and activities to transfer findings, technologies, and information into practice. The program will also benefit from establishing strategic goals and implementing a comprehensive surveillance system in order to better identify and track worker populations at risk. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12088">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=334'>Forestry</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=338'>Ocean Studies</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=402'>Workplace and Occupational Health</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/wR8_V17PQog" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12088 tag:nap.edu,2008:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12054#final 2008-03-20T00:00:00-04:00 2008-01-09T09:45:01-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Life on Earth would be impossible without plants. Humans rely on plants for most clothing, furniture, food, as well as for many pharmaceuticals and other products. Plant genome sciences are essential to understanding how plants function and how to develop desirable plant characteristics. For example, plant genomic science can contribute to the development of plants that are drought-resistant, those that require less fertilizer, and those that are optimized for conversion to fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. The National Plant Genome Initiative (NPGI) is a unique, cross-agency funding enterprise that has been funding and coordinating plant genome research successfully for nine years. Research breakthroughs from NPGI and the National Science Foundation (NSF) Arabidopsis 2010 Project, such as how the plant immune system controls pathogen defense, demonstrate that the plant genome science community is vibrant and capable of driving technological advancement. This book from the National Research Council concludes that these programs should continue so that applied programs on agriculture, bioenergy, and others will always be built on a strong foundation of fundamental plant biology research.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12054">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=317'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=315'>Genetics</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/NFkr_I9t5uc" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12054 tag:nap.edu,2008:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11879#final 2008-01-30T15:45:02-05:00 2008-01-30T15:45:02-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This book is the third in a series evaluating underexploited African plant resources that could help broaden and secure Africa's food supply. The volume describes 24 little-known indigenous African cultivated and wild fruits that have potential as food- and cash-crops but are typically overlooked by scientists, policymakers, and the world at large. The book assesses the potential of each fruit to help overcome malnutrition, boost food security, foster rural development, and create sustainable landcare in Africa. Each fruit is also described in a separate chapter, based on information provided and assessed by experts throughout the world. Volume I describes African grains and Volume II African vegetables. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11879">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/NsMtB_arIOQ" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11879 tag:nap.edu,2007:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11990#final 2007-11-07T00:00:00-05:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>The Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) is the federal government's primary source of information on the financial condition, production practices, and resource use on farms, as well as the economic well-being of America's farm households. ARMS data are important to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and to congressional, administration, and industry decision makers when they must weigh alternative policies and programs that touch the farm sector or affect farm families.</p> <p> </p> <div>ARMS is unique in several respects. As a multiple-purpose survey with an agricultural focus, ARMS is the only representative national source of observations of farm-level production practices, the economics of the farm businesses operating the field (or dairy herd, greenhouse, nursery, poultry house, etc.), and the characteristics of the American farm household (age, education, occupation, farm and off-farm work, types of employment, family living expenses, etc.). No other data source is able to match the range and depth of ARMS in these areas. American agriculture is changing, and the science of statistical measurement is changing as well. As with every major governmental data collection with such far-reaching and important uses, it is critical to periodically ensure that the survey is grounded in relevant concepts, applying the most up-to-date statistical methodology, and invested with the necessary design, estimation, and analytical techniques to ensure a quality product.</div> <div> </div> <div>ARMS is a complex undertaking. From its start as a melding of data collected from the field, the farm, and the household in a multiphase, multiframe, and multiple mode survey design, it has increased in complexity over the decade of its existence as more sophisticated demands for its outputs have been made. Today, the survey faces difficult choices and challenges, including a need for a thorough review of its methods, practices, and procedures. <em>Understanding American Agriculture : Challenges for the Agricultural Resource Management Survey</em> summarizes the recommendations of the committee who wrote the survey.</div> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11990">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=295'>Agricultural Facilities and Equipment</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/64D1JGIxYCA" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11990 tag:nap.edu,2007:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11761#final 2007-04-13T00:00:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Pollinators&#8212insects, birds, bats, and other animals that carry pollen from the male to the female parts of flowers for plant reproduction&#8212are an essential part of natural and agricultural ecosystems throughout North America. For example, most fruit, vegetable, and seed crops and some crops that provide fiber, drugs, and fuel depend on animals for pollination. This book provides evidence for the decline of some pollinator species in North America, including America s most important managed pollinator, the honeybee, as well as some butterflies, bats, and hummingbirds. For most managed and wild pollinator species, however, population trends have not been assessed because populations have not been monitored over time. In addition, for wild species with demonstrated declines, it is often difficult to determine the causes or consequences of their decline. This book outlines priorities for research and monitoring that are needed to improve information on the status of pollinators and establishes a framework for conservation and restoration of pollinator species and communities. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11761">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=315'>Genetics</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/iqASnJOvduk" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11761 tag:nap.edu,2006:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11654#final 2006-12-29T09:12:31-05:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Updating two previous National Research Council publications, <i>Nutrient Requirements of Sheep, Sixth Revised Edition, 1985, and Nutrient Requirements of Goats, First Edition, 1981</i>, this new book provides an evaluation of the scientific literature on the nutrient requirements of small ruminants in all stages of life. In addition, effects of the environment, feed additives, and metabolism modifiers on nutrient requirements are addressed. Proper formulation of diets for small ruminants depends on adequate knowledge of their nutrient requirements. These requirements depend on the breed and age of the animal and whether he or she is exercising, pregnant, or lactating. <i>Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants</i> brings together a summary of this latest data with new and expanded information on the composition of feeds commonly consumed by small ruminants, both domestic and wild. For the first time this authoritative reference work includes information on cervids and camelids. Primarily intended for animal nutritionists, veterinarians, and other scientists, some sections will be useful to individual sheep and goat owners and managers and to those responsible for the care and management of wildlife species. As both a practical and a technical reference book, this material is written to ensure that diets of small ruminants contain adequate amounts of nutrients and that intakes of certain nutrients are not so excessive that they inhibit performance or impair health. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11654">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/jR83AAEImGM" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11654 tag:nap.edu,2006:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11557#final 2006-07-14T00:00:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Arranging the transportation of animals at research facilities is often an ordeal. There is a confusing patchwork of local, national, and international regulations; a perceived lack of high-quality shipping services; a dearth of science-based good practices; and a lack of biosafety standards. It s a challenge and an impediment to biomedical research. <i>Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals</i> identifies the current problems encountered in the transportation of research animals and offers recommendations aimed at local and federal officials to rectify these problems. This book also includes a set of good practices based on the extensive body of literature on transportation of agricultural animals, universal concepts of physiology, and a scientific understanding of species-specific needs and differences. Good practices were developed by the committee to address thermal environment, space requirements, food and water requirements, social interaction, monitoring of transportation, emergency procedures, personnel training, and biosecurity. <i>Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals</i> is an essential guide for all researchers, animal care technicians, facilities managers, administrators, and animal care and use committees at research institutions. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11557">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/E5TMWeE7hd4" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11557 tag:nap.edu,2006:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11616#final 2006-07-13T00:00:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Recreational fishing in the United States is an important social and economic component of many marine fisheries, with an estimated 14 million anglers making almost 82 million fishing trips in 2004. Although each individual angler typically harvests a small number of fish, collectively these sport fisheries can take a significant fraction of the yearly catch--in some cases more than commercial fisheries. For example, in 1999, recreational fishing accounted for 94% of the total catch of spotted sea trout, 76% of striped bass and sheephead, and 60 percent of king mackerel. It is important that systems used to monitor fishing catch are adequate for timely management of recreational fisheries. However, the large number of anglers and access points makes monitoring recreational fishing much more difficult than monitoring commercial fishing. This report reviews the types of survey methods used to estimate catch in recreational fisheries, including state/federal cooperative programs. The report finds that both telephone survey and onsite access components of the current monitoring systems have serious flaws in design or implementation. There are also several areas of miscommunication and mismatched criteria among designers of surveys, data collectors, and recreational fisheries. The report recommends that a comprehensive, universal sampling frame with national coverage should be established, and that improvements should be made in statistical analysis of the data collected and in the ways the data are communicated. A permanent and independent research group should be established and funded to evaluate the statistical design and adequacy of recreational fishery surveys and to guide necessary modifications or new initiatives. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11616">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=338'>Ocean Studies</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/uFT7A0TtJWk" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11616 tag:nap.edu,2006:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11608#final 2006-06-26T00:00:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Recent scientific literature has raised many concerns about whether fisheries have caused more extensive changes to marine populations and ecosystems than previously realized or predicted. In many cases, stocks have been exploited far beyond management targets, and new analyses indicate that fishing has harmed other species&#8212including marine mammals, seabirds, sea turtles, and sea grasses&#8212either directly through catch or habitat damage, or indirectly through changes in food-web interactions. At the request of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Research Council conducted an independent study to weigh the collective evidence for fishery-induced changes to marine ecosystems and the implications of the findings for U.S. fisheries management. <i>Dynamic Changes in Marine Ecosystems</i> provides comprehensive information in regard to these findings. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11608">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=333'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=338'>Ocean Studies</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=368'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=337'>Natural Resources and Conservation</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/b5Kfhy3VaDo" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11608 tag:nap.edu,2006:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10668#final 2006-05-31T00:00:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Updating recommendations last made by the National Research Council in the mid-1980s, this report provides nutrient recommendations based on physical activity and stage in life, major factors that influence nutrient needs. It looks at how nutrients are metabolized in the bodies of dogs and cats, indications of nutrient deficiency, and diseases related to poor nutrition. The report provides a valuable resource for industry professionals formulating diets, scientists setting research agendas, government officials developing regulations for pet food labeling, and as a university textbook for dog and cat nutrition. It can also guide pet owners feeding decisions for their pets with information on specific nutrient needs, characteristics of different types of pet foods, and factors to consider when feeding cats and dogs. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10668">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/tUlgCrGVJGs" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10668 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11365#final 2005-11-17T00:00:00-05:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> The confirmed case of "mad cow" disease (BSE) in June 2005 illustrates the economic impact of disease outbreaks, as additional countries closed their markets to U.S. beef and beef products. Emerging diseases also threaten public health--11 out of 12 of the major global disease outbreaks over the last decade were from zoonotic agents (that spread from animals to humans). <P> <i>Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases</i> finds that, in general, the U.S. animal health framework has been slow to take advantage of state-of-the-art technologies being used now to protect public health; better diagnostic tests for identifying all animal diseases should be made a priority. The report also recommends that the nation establish a high-level, authoritative, and accountable coordinating mechanism to engage and enhance partnerships among local, state, and federal agencies, and the private sector. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11365">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/WO4OgRuMk1s" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11365 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11366#final 2005-10-18T00:00:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Research in veterinary science is critical for the health and well-being of animals, including humans. Food safety, emerging infectious diseases, the development of new therapies, and the possibility of bioterrorism are examples of issues addressed by veterinary science that have an impact on both human and animal health. However, there is a lack of scientists engaged in veterinary research. Too few veterinarians pursue research careers, and there is a shortage of facilities and funding for conducting research. This report identifies questions and issues that veterinary research can help to address, and discusses the scientific expertise and infrastructure needed to meet the most critical research needs. The report finds that there is an urgent need to provide adequate resources for investigators, training programs, and facilities involved in veterinary research. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11366">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=317'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/d7k96ZRKa8E" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11366 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1208#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> More and more farmers are adopting a diverse range of alternative practices designed to reduce dependence on synthetic chemical pesticides, fertilizers, and antibiotics; cut costs; increase profits; and reduce the adverse environmental consequences of agricultural production.<br><B>Alternative Agriculture</B> describes the increased use of these new practices and other changes in agriculture since World War II, and examines the role of federal policy in encouraging this evolution, as well as factors that are causing farmers to look for profitable, environmentally safe alternatives. Eleven case studies explore how alternative farming methods have been adopted--and with what economic results--on farms of various sizes from California to Pennsylvania.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1208">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/D1R4n4BKX3s" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1208 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2114#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This classic reference for poultry nutrition has been updated for the first time since 1984. The chapter on general considerations concerning individual nutrients and water has been greatly expanded and includes, for the first time, equations for predicting the energy value of individual feed ingredients from their proximate composition.<br>This volume includes the latest information on the nutrient requirements of meat- and egg-type chickens, incorporating data on brown-egg strains, turkeys, geese, ducks, pheasants, Japanese quail, and Bobwhite quail.<br>This publication also contains new appendix tables that document in detail the scientific information used to derive the nutrient requirements appearing in the summary tables for each species of bird.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2114">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/SvO82LSPDOg" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2114 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1854#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Interest is growing in sustainable agriculture, which involves the use of productive and profitable farming practices that take advantage of natural biological processes to conserve resources, reduce inputs, protect the environment, and enhance public health. Continuing research is helping to demonstrate the ways that many factors--economics, biology, policy, and tradition--interact in sustainable agriculture systems.<br>This book contains the proceedings of a workshop on the findings of a broad range of research projects funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The areas of study, such as integrated pest management, alternative cropping and tillage systems, and comparisons with more conventional approaches, are essential to developing and adopting profitable and sustainable farming systems.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1854">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/vV2vWHxocz0" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1854 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5951#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Ocean harvests have plateaued worldwide and many important commercial stocks have been depleted. This has caused great concern among scientists, fishery managers, the fishing community, and the public. This book evaluates the major models used for estimating the size and structure of marine fish populations (stock assessments) and changes in populations over time. It demonstrates how problems that may occur in fisheries data--for example underreporting or changes in the likelihood that fish can be caught with a given type of gear--can seriously degrade the quality of stock assessments. The volume makes recommendations for means to improve stock assessments and their use in fishery management.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5951">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=338'>Ocean Studies</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/_EwLey_hxSo" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5951 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=949#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Many feedstuffs and forages do not provide the dietary vitamins necessary for optimum growth and development, making supplementation necessary. This volume offers a practical, well-organized guide to safe levels of vitamin supplementation in all major domestic species, including poultry, cattle, sheep, and fishes. Fourteen essential vitamins are discussed with information on requirements in various species, deficiency symptoms, metabolism, indications of hypervitaminosis, and safe dosages.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=949">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/HJlbKatFv2o" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=949 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11138#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p><i>The Development of Science-based Guidelines for Laboratory Animal Care</i> is the summary of an international workshop held in Washington, DC, in November 2003 to bring together experts from around the world to discuss the available knowledge that can positively influence current and pending guidelines for laboratory animal care, identify gaps in that knowledge in order to encourage future research endeavors, and discuss the scientific evidence that can be used to assess the benefits and costs of various regulatory approaches affecting facilities, research, and animal welfare.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11138">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/hKrHnjvSR0U" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11138 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10713#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> The field of occupational health and safety constantly changes, especially as it pertains to biomedical research. New infectious hazards are of particular importance at nonhuman-primate facilities. For example, the discovery that B virus can be transmitted via a splash on a mucous membrane raises new concerns that must be addressed, as does the discovery of the Reston strain of Ebola virus in import quarantine facilities in the U.S. The risk of such infectious hazards is best managed through a flexible and comprehensive Occupational Health and Safety Program (OHSP) that can identify and mitigate potential hazards. <P> <i>Occupational Health and Safety in the Care and Use of Nonhuman Primates</i> is intended as a reference for vivarium managers, veterinarians, researchers, safety professionals, and others who are involved in developing or implementing an OHSP that deals with nonhuman primates. The book lists the important features of an OHSP and provides the tools necessary for informed decision-making in developing an optimal program that meets all particular institutional needs. </P> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10713">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/t7c8cicDGLo" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10713 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1024#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> In developing countries, traditional fishermen are important food contributors, yet technological information and development assistance to third-world nations often focuses on agriculture and industrial fishing, without addressing the needs of independent, small-scale fishermen.<br>This book explores technological considerations of small-scale, primitive fishing technologies, and describes innovative, relatively inexpensive methods and tools that have already been successfully applied in developing countries. It offers practical information about all aspects of small-scale fishing, including boat design and construction, fishing methods and gear, artificial reef construction and fish aggregating devices, techniques for coastal mariculture, and simple methods for processing and preserving fish once they are caught. <B>Fisheries Technologies for Developing Countries</B> is illustrated throughout with photographs of the devices and construction methods described in the text.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1024">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/akv-KAqkRMo" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1024 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9791#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>As the public becomes more conscience of the food they consume and its content, higher standards are expected in the preparation of such food. The updated seventh edition of <em>Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle </em>explores the impact of cattle's biological, production, and environmental diversities, as well as variations on nutrient utilization and requirements. More enhanced than previous editions, this edition expands on the descriptions of cattle and their nutritional requirements taking management and environmental conditions into consideration. The book clearly communicates the current state of beef cattle nutrient requirements and animal variation by visually presenting related data via computer-generated models.</p> <p><em>Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle </em>expounds on the effects of beef cattle body condition on the state of compensatory growth, takes an in-depth look at the variations in cattle type, and documents the important effects of the environment and stress on food intake. This volume also uses new data on the development of a fetus during pregnancy to prescribe nutrient requirements of gestating cattle more precisely. By focusing on factors such as product quality and environmental awareness, <em>Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle</em> presents standards and advisements for acceptable nutrients in a complete and conventional manner that promotes a more practical understanding and application.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9791">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/SnNvtd1abRo" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9791 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1397#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This book provides an analysis of funding for agricultural research in the United States and presents a proposal to strengthen this system. Its premise is that a judicious but substantial increase in research funding through competitive grants is the best way to sustain and strengthen the U.S. agricultural, food, and environmental system. The proposal calls for an increased public investment in research; a broadened scientific scope and expanded program areas of research; and four categories of competitively awarded grants, with an emphasis on multidisciplinary research.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1397">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/G5hbHiWWuQc" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1397 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6032#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Fluctuations and declines in marine fish populations have caused growing concern among marine scientists, fisheries managers, commercial and recreational fishers, and the public.<br> <br> <B>Sustaining Marine Fisheries</B> explores the nature of marine ecosystems and the complex interacting factors that shape their productivity. The book documents the condition of marine fisheries today, highlighting species and geographic areas that are under particular stress. Challenges to achieving sustainability are discussed, and shortcomings of existing fisheries management and regulation are examined. The volume calls for fisheries management to adopt a broader ecosystem perspective that encompasses all relevant environmental and human influences.<br> <br> <B>Sustaining Marine Fisheries</B> offers new approaches to building workable fisheries management institutions, improving scientific data, and developing management tools. The book recommends ways to change current practices that encourage overexploitation of fish resources. It will be of special interest to marine policymakers and ecologists, fisheries regulators and managers, fisheries scientists and marine ecologists, fishers, and concerned individuals. <br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6032">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=333'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/qo0Px9JnNQw" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6032 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6320#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Every day economic decisions are made in the public and private sectors, based on limited information and analysis. The analysis and information needed for successful public policy has changed rapidly with the growth of the global economy, and so have the means for acquiring them. In the public sector, decision makers rely on information gathered within government agencies, as well as the work of academics and private firms.<br> <br> <B>Sowing the Seeds</B> provides a case study of the need for analysis and information in support of public policy. It combines lessons learned from one of the first government agencies devoted primarily to this function with modern economic theory of organizations. The panel provides analysis and insight on:<br> <br> How and why public economic policy evolves with technological advances.<br> The nature of information and analysis in support of economic policy produced in a government agency.<br> The characteristics of successful information and analysis programs.<br> Evaluating the work of a government agency providing information and analysis.<br> Effective administration and organization of research and information programs in a government agency.<br> <br> Findings and recommendations in this volume will be of interest to managers and executives of research and consulting organizations in the public and private sectors, as well as to economists and policy makers. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6320">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=277'>Behavioral and Social Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=307'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=295'>Agricultural Facilities and Equipment</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/AA4z5Yanfxg" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6320 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11197#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Across the United States, municipalities, counties, and states grapple with issues of ensuring adequate amounts of water in times of high demand and low supply. Instream flow programs aim to balance ecosystem requirements and human uses of water, and try to determine how much water should be in rivers. With its range of river and ecosystem conditions, growing population, and high demands on water, Texas is representative of instream flow challenges across the United States, and its instream flow program may be a model for other jurisdictions. Three state agencies the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB), the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD), and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) asked a committee of the National Research Council (NRC) to review the Programmatic Work Plan (PWP) and Technical Overview Document (TOD) that outline the state s instream flow initiative. The committee suggested several changes to the proposed plan, such as establishing clearer goals, modifying the flow chart that outlines the necessary steps for conducting an instream flow study, and provide better linkages between individual studies of biology, hydrology and hydraulics, physical processes, and water quality. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11197">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=342'>Water and Hydrology</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/RCyO2M3Ras8" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11197 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10287#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> The "tragedy of the commons" is a central concept in human ecology and the study of the environment. It has had tremendous value for stimulating research, but it only describes the reality of human-environment interactions in special situations. Research over the past thirty years has helped clarify how human motivations, rules governing access to resources, the structure of social organizations, and the resource systems themselves interact to determine whether or not the many dramas of the commons end happily. In this book, leaders in the field review the evidence from several disciplines and many lines of research and present a state-of-the-art assessment. They summarize lessons learned and identify the major challenges facing any system of governance for resource management. They also highlight the major challenges for the next decade: making knowledge development more systematic; understanding institutions dynamically; considering a broader range of resources (such as global and technological commons); and taking into account the effects of social and historical context. This book will be a valuable and accessible introduction to the field for students and a resource for advanced researchers. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10287">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=277'>Behavioral and Social Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=305'>Human Dimensions of Global Change</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/8Nd2qLVEnZM" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10287 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2306#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> In the past decade, animal scientists have learned that administering recombinantly derived somatotropin (growth hormone) to cows improves milk production and that giving beta-adrenergic agonists to meat animals improves productivity and leanness.<br>In order for these metabolic modifiers to yield benefits, however, sound management of the animals' nutrition is necessary. This volume reports on how these substances work in the animals' metabolism, what effects they might have on nutrient requirements of domestic livestock, and what information should be developed further by investigators.<br>The book explores the current understanding of the biology, structure, mechanisms of action, and treatment effects of somatotropin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and anabolic steroids.<br>A companion volume to the <I>Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals</I> series, this authoritative volume will be required reading for animal scientists, researchers, veterinarians, livestock farmers, and faculty and students in university animal veterinary science programs.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2306">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/QAwy6YhL-Yk" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2306 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5778#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> The American feed industry manufactures tons of dietary supplements and additives each year for inclusion in the diets of food-producing animals. Some scientists have suggested that chromium should be a key ingredient in nutritional supplements. Controversy exists, however, over whether chromium sources should be approved as feed additives and whether enough data exist to establish dietary requirements. Chromium use has been suggested to have positive impacts on farm profitability, and many animal health benefits have been attributed to chromium supplementation, including increased longevity; enhanced reproduction; decreased incidence of metabolic disorders, stress effects, and disease; reduced need for antibiotic usage; improved immune response; and lean carcass quality.<br>This book addresses recent research on chromium in animal diets; metabolic interactions between chromium and other nutrients; assessments of form and species interactions; supplementation effects; bioavailability of chromium forms and sources; and effects of diet composition, stressors, and animal physiological status on chromium utilization. It also provides recommendations on the essentiality of dietary chromium in domestic animal species and guidelines for use of dietary chromium.<br><br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5778">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/A2NqNZxXVIo" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5778 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5175#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This book reviews the practice of reclaiming treated municipal wastewater for agricultural irrigation and using sewage sludge as a soil amendment and fertilizer in the United States. It describes and evaluates treatment technologies and practices; effects on soils, crop production, and ground water; public health concerns from pathogens and toxic chemicals; existing regulations and guidelines; and some of the economic, liability, and institutional issues. The recommendations and findings are aimed at authorities at the federal, state, and local levels, public utilities, and the food processing industry.<br><br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5175">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=342'>Water and Hydrology</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/X3oI08oLjDk" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5175 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1489#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <br><br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1489">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/IBFJDHiyUHw" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1489 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10838#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <P>In 1988 the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed two endemic fishes of the upper Klamath River basin of Oregon and California, the sucker and the Lost River sucker, as endangered under the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA). In 1997, the National Marine Fisheries Service added the Southern Oregon Northern coastal California (SONCC) coho salmon as a threatened species to the list. The leading factors attributed to the decline of these species were overfishing, blockage of migration, entrainment by water management structures, habitat degradation, nonnative species, and poor water quality.</P> <P> <i>Endangered and Threatened Fishes of the Klamath River Basin</i> addresses the scientific aspects related to the continued survival of coho salmon and shortnose and Lost River suckers in the Klamath River. The book further examines and identifies gaps in the knowledge and scientific information needed for recovery of the listed species and proves an assessment of scientific considerations relevant to strategies for promoting the recovery of those species. </P> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10838">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=368'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/IxFUfv40tVw" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10838 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10258#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Transgenic crops offer the promise of increased agricultural productivity and better quality foods. But they also raise the specter of harmful environmental effects. In this new book, a panel of experts examines: Similarities and differences between crops developed by conventional and transgenic methods Potential for commercialized transgenic crops to change both agricultural and nonagricultural landscapes How well the U.S. government is regulating transgenic crops to avoid any negative effects. <p><b>Environmental Effects of Transgenic Plants</b> provides a wealth of information about transgenic processes, previous experience with the introduction of novel crops, principles of risk assessment and management, the science behind current regulatory schemes, issues in monitoring transgenic products already on the market, and more. <p>The book discusses public involvement and public confidence in biotechnology regulation. And it looks to the future, exploring the potential of genetic engineering and the prospects for environmental effects. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10258">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=314'>Biotechnology</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/2qNHUHjElaA" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10258 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9598#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Although chemical pesticides safeguard crops and improve farm productivity, they are increasingly feared for their potentially dangerous residues and their effects on ecosystems. <br> <B>The Future Role of Pesticides</B> explores the role of chemical pesticides in the decade ahead and identifies the most promising opportunities for increasing the benefits and reducing the risks of pesticide use. The committee recommends R&D, program, and policy initiatives for federal agriculture authorities and other stakeholders in the public and private sectors. This book presents clear overviews of key factors in chemical pesticide use, including:<br> <br><ul> <li>Advances in genetic engineering not only of pest-resistant crops but also of pests themselves. <br> <li>Problems in pesticide use--concerns about the health of agricultural workers, the ability of pests to develop resistance, issues of public perception, and more. <br> <li>Impending shifts in agriculture--globalization of the economy, biological "invasions" of organisms, rising sensitivity toward cross-border environmental issues, and other trends.<br></ul> With a model and working examples, this book offers guidance on how to assess various pest control strategies available to today's agriculturist.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9598">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=299'>Pesticides, Insecticides and Herbicides</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/h3gH58s9z8c" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9598 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1398#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This fascinating, readable volume is filled with enticing, detailed information about more than 30 different Incan crops that promise to follow the potato's lead and become important contributors to the world's food supply. Some of these overlooked foods offer special advantages for developing nations, such as high nutritional quality and excellent yields. Many are adaptable to areas of the United States.<br> <B>Lost Crops of the Incas</B> includes vivid color photographs of many of the crops and describes the authors' experiences in growing, tasting, and preparing them in different ways. This book is for the gourmet and gourmand alike, as well as gardeners, botanists, farmers, and agricultural specialists in developing countries.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1398">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/SKsJxAGU51M" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1398 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5135#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Widespread use of broad-spectrum chemical pesticides has revolutionized pest management. But there is growing concern about environmental contamination and human health risks--and continuing frustration over the ability of pests to develop resistance to pesticides. In <B>Ecologically Based Pest Management</B>, an expert committee advocates the sweeping adoption of ecologically based pest management (EBPM) that promotes both agricultural productivity and a balanced ecosystem. This volume offers a vision and strategies for creating a solid, comprehensive knowledge base to support a pest management system that incorporates ecosystem processes supplemented by a continuum of inputs--biological organisms, products, cultivars, and cultural controls. The result will be safe, profitable, and durable pest management strategies. The book evaluates the feasibility of EBPM and examines how best to move beyond optimal examples into the mainstream of agriculture. The committee stresses the need for information, identifies research priorities in the biological as well as socioeconomic realm, and suggests institutional structures for a multidisciplinary research effort. <B>Ecologically Based Pest Management</B> addresses risk assessment, risk management, and public oversight of EBPM. The volume also overviews the history of pest management--from the use of sulfur compounds in 1000 B.C. to the emergence of transgenic technology. <B>Ecologically Based Pest Management</B> will be vitally important to the agrichemical industry; policymakers, regulators, and scientists in agriculture and forestry; biologists, researchers, and environmental advocates; and interested growers.<br><br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5135">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=299'>Pesticides, Insecticides and Herbicides</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/Rjxn9NbpUic" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5135 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1831#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Microlivestock is a term coined for species that are inherently small as well as for breeds of cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs that are less than about half the size of the most common breeds. These miniature animals are seldom considered in the broad picture of livestock development, but they seem to have a promising future, especially in developing nations or wherever land is scarce.<br>This book raises awareness of the potential of these small species, including microcattle, microsheep, various poultry, rabbits, rodents, deer, antelope, and lizards. It also strives to stimulate their introduction into animal research and economic development programs.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1831">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/I8u97qOUCGY" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1831 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=614#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This edition uses the latest research in sheep nutrition to update a classic reference. Important new information has been added that is derived from the results of recent research in nutrition requirements for all phases of lamb and wool production. These have been incorporated into tables of energy requirements and feed formulas in both metric and English measurements. In addition, practical husbandry information and descriptions of nutritional deficiencies are supplemented by an extensive bibliography.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=614">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'></a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/mDLy2z2IzAM" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=614 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10862#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> In <i>Advancing Prion Science</i>, the Institute of Medicine s Committee on Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies Assessment of Relevant Science recommends priorities for research and investment to the Department of Defense s National Prion Research Program (NPRP). Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also called prion diseases, are invariably fatal neurodegenerative infectious diseases that include bovine spongiform encephalopathy (commonly called mad cow disease), chronic wasting disease, scrapie, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. To develop antemortem diagnostics or therapies for TSEs, the committee concludes that NPRP should invest in basic research specifically to elucidate the structural features of prions, the molecular mechanisms of prion replication, the mechanisms of TSE pathogenesis, and the physiological function of prions normal cellular isoform. Advancing Prion Science provides the first comprehensive reference on present knowledge about all aspects of TSEs from basic science to the U.S. research infrastructure, from diagnostics to surveillance, and from prevention to treatment.</P> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10862">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=388'>Diseases - Other</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/3NnbxgQ9ImU" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10862 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10323#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Concerns over the potential ecological effects of fishing have increased with the expansion of fisheries throughout the marine waters of the United States. <b>Effects of Trawling and Dredging on Seafloor Habitat</b> describes how assessment of fishing impacts depends on gear type, number and location of bottom tows, and the physical and biological characteristics of seafloor habitats. Many experimental studies have documented acute, gear--specific effects of trawling and dredging on various types of habitat. These studies indicate that low mobility, long--lived species are more vulnerable to towed fishing gear than short--lived species in areas where the seabed is often disturbed by natural phenomena. Trawling and dredging may also change the composition and productivity of fish communities dependent on seafloor habitats for food and refuge. The scale of these impacts depends on the level of fishing effort. This volume presents color maps of fishing effort for all regions with significant bottom trawl or dredge fisheries -- the first time that such data has been assembled and analyzed for the entire nation. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10323">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=338'>Ocean Studies</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/5lWmQYC2RHA" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10323 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9825#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This widely used reference has been updated and revamped to reflect the changing face of the dairy industry. New features allow users to pinpoint nutrient requirements more accurately for individual animals. The committee also provides guidance on how nutrient analysis of feed ingredients, insights into nutrient utilization by the animal, and formulation of diets to reduce environmental impacts can be applied to productive management decisions.<BR> <BR> The book includes a user-friendly computer program on a compact disk, accompanied by extensive context-sensitive "Help" options, to simulate the dynamic state of animals. <br> <br>The committee addresses important issues unique to dairy science-the dry or transition cow, udder edema, milk fever, low-fat milk, calf dehydration, and more. The also volume covers dry matter intake, including how to predict feed intake. It addresses the management of lactating dairy cows, utilization of fat in calf and lactation diets, and calf and heifer replacement nutrition. In addition, the many useful tables include updated nutrient composition for commonly used feedstuffs. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9825">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=287'>Food and Nutrition</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=380'>Nutrition - Dietary Reference Intakes</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/cUnNH458a3s" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9825 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2305#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> There is an overlooked food resource in sub-Saharan Africa that has vast potential: native food plants. All in all, Africa has more than 2,000 native grains and fruits--"lost" species due for rediscovery and exploitation. This volume focuses on native cereals, dispelling myths about the nutritional value, flavor, and yield of African grains. The authors present information on where and how each grain is grown, harvested, and processed and list its benefits and limitations as a food source.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2305">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/pvcfrOQZ6uo" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2305 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4976#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <B>Upstream</B> offers specific recommendations for salmon rehabilitation that take into account the key role that genetic variability plays in salmon survival and the urgent need for habitat protection and management of fishing. The volume explores the complications and conflicts surrounding the problem of declining salmon populations--presenting available data on the status of salmon populations and an illustrative case study.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4976">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=368'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/ypODd_1vMEE" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4976 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4758#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>In the years since the third edition of this indispensable reference was published, a great deal has been learned about the nutritional requirements of common laboratory species: rat, mouse, guinea pig, hamster, gerbil, and vole.</p> <p>The Fourth Revised Edition presents the current expert understanding of the lipid, carbohydrate, protein, mineral, vitamin, and other nutritional needs of these animals. The extensive use of tables provides easy access to a wealth of comprehensive data and resource information. The volume also provides an expanded background discussion of general dietary considerations.</p> <p>In addition to a more user-friendly organization, new features in this edition include: <ol> <li>A significantly expanded section on dietary requirements for rats, reporting substantial new findings.</li> <li>A new section on nutrients that are not required but that may produce beneficial results.</li> </ol></p> <p>New information on growth and reproductive performance among the most commonly used strains of rats and mice and on several hamster species. <ol> <li>An expanded discussion of diet formulation and preparation--including sample diets of both purified and natural ingredients.</li> <li>New information on mineral deficiency and toxicity, including warning signs.</li> </ol></p> <p>This authoritative resource will be important to researchers, laboratory technicians, and manufacturers of laboratory animal feed.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4758">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/YjlxXAxPQV4" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4758 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=950#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> How much do animals eat? Why do eating patterns change? How do physiological, dietary, and environmental factors affect feed intake? This volume, a comprehensive overview of the latest animal feed intake research, answers these questions with detailed information about the feeding patterns of fishes, pigs, poultry, dairy cows, beef cattle, and sheep. Equations for calculating predicted feed intake are presented for each animal and are accompanied by charts, graphs, and tables.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=950">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/Kdu974-9ufw" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=950 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10878#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p> The report identified various factors which contributed to creating an unfulfilled need for veterinarians in the biomedical research workforce, including an increase in the number of NIH grants utilizing animals and the burgeoning use of transgenic rodents, without a comparable change in the supply of appropriately-trained veterinarians. The committee developed strategies for recruiting more veterinarians into careers in biomedical research. </P> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10878">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/XR3ilGrt6ig" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10878 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10338#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Zoonotic diseases represent one of the leading causes of illness and death from infectious disease. Defined by the World Health Organization, zoonoses are those diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and man with or without an arthropod intermediate. Worldwide, zoonotic diseases have a negative impact on commerce, travel, and economies. In most developing countries, zoonotic diseases are among those diseases that contribute significantly to an already overly burdened public health system. In industrialized nations, zoonotic diseases are of particular concern for at-risk groups such as the elderly, children, childbearing women, and immunocompromised individuals.<br><br> <b>The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases: Understanding the Impact on Animal and Human Health</b>, covers a range of topics, which include: an evaluation of the relative importance of zoonotic diseases against the overall backdrop of emerging infections; research findings related to the current state of our understanding of zoonotic diseases; surveillance and response strategies to detect, prevent, and mitigate the impact of zoonotic diseases on human health; and information about ongoing programs and actions being taken to identify the most important needs in this vital area. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10338">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=388'>Diseases - Other</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=288'>Health and Medicine</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=399'>Public Health and Prevention</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/Qa8l8Y4TUsM" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10338 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10068#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Proponents of agricultural biotechnology believe that genetically modified (GM) crops have the potential to provide great ecological benefits, such as reduced pesticide and land use, as well as agricultural benefits. However, given the rapid emergence of commercial GM crops and the likely increase in their use, many groups have raised concerns about the potential unintended, adverse ecological effects of these crops. Some ecological concerns are enhanced development of pest resistance, crosspollination with wild relatives, and reductions in beneficial insects or birds.</p> <p><i>Ecological Monitoring of Genetically Modified Crops</i> considers the latest in monitoring methods and technologies and to asks--What are the challenges associated with monitoring for ecological effects of GM crops? Is ongoing ecological monitoring of GM crops a useful and informative activity? If so, how should scientifically rigorous monitoring be carried out in the variety of ecological settings in which GM crops are grown?</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10068">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=314'>Biotechnology</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/zmsxcrzS0lI" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10068 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1584#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Agricultural techniques used to increase production of cattle, sheep, and other major species have actually threatened the future genetic diversity of livestock populations, particularly in the Third World. This volume explores the importance of animal genetic diversity and presents a blueprint for national and international efforts to conserve animal genetic resources. It also evaluates genetic techniques useful in conservation programs and provides specific recommendations for establishing data bases and conducting research.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1584">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/8xHey02Z3UI" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1584 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4909#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> A 1985 amendment to the Animal Welfare Act requires those who keep nonhuman primates to develop and follow appropriate plans for promoting the animals' psychological well-being. The amendment, however, provides few specifics.<br><B>The Psychological Well-Being of Nonhuman Primates</B> recommends practical approaches to meeting those requirements. It focuses on what is known about the psychological needs of primates and makes suggestions for assessing and promoting their well-being.<br>This volume examines the elements of an effective care program--social companionship, opportunities for species-typical activity, housing and sanitation, and daily care routines--and provides a helpful checklist for designing a plan for promoting psychological well-being.<br>The book provides a wealth of specific and useful information about the psychological attributes and needs of the most widely used and exhibited nonhuman primates. Readable and well-organized, it will be welcomed by animal care and use committees, facilities administrators, enforcement inspectors, animal advocates, researchers, veterinarians, and caretakers.<br><br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4909">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=316'>Lab Animal Research</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/e8RS1yUzZzY" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4909 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9795#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This book explores the risks and benefits of crops that are genetically modified for pest resistance, the urgency of establishing an appropriate regulatory framework for these products, and the importance of public understanding of the issues.<BR> <BR>The committee critically reviews federal policies toward transgenic products, the 1986 coordinated framework among the key federal agencies in the field, and rules proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency for regulation of plant pesticides. This book provides detailed analyses of:<BR> <BR><UL> <LI>Mechanisms and results of genetic engineering compared to conventional breeding for pest resistance.</LI> <LI>Review of scientific issues associated with transgenic pest-protected plants, such as allergenicity, impact on nontarget plants, evolution of the pest species, and other concerns.</LI> <LI>Overview of regulatory framework and its use of scientific information with suggestions for improvements.</LI> </ul> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9795">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=314'>Biotechnology</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/1lHhkJ3Wqts" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9795 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1807#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This comprehensive volume examines the prospects for repairing the damage society has done to the nation's aquatic resources: lakes, rivers and streams, and wetlands.<br><B>Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems</B> outlines a national strategy for aquatic restoration, with practical recommendations, and features case studies of aquatic restoration activities around the country.<br><br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1807">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=368'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=337'>Natural Resources and Conservation</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/HedN64h_Ljo" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1807 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10880#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <P><i>"Bioconfinement"</i>, as defined by the committee writing the report are a set of biological techniques (such as induced sterility) used to prevent transgenic animals, plants, and microbes from escaping into natural ecosystems and breeding, thus competing with their wild relatives or passing engineered traits to closely related species. Since no single Bioconfinement method is 100 percent effective, the committee recommends that developers of genetically engineered organisms consider using a systematic approach with multiple methods to reduce the chance of confinement failure.</P> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10880">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=315'>Genetics</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=368'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/wHsxwmQ9WQg" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10880 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10418#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> The report identifies potential risks associated with advances in animal biotechnology, including the possibility that genetically engineered fish, shellfish or insects might escape and introduce engineered genes into wild populations. The report says there is no evidence that products from cloned livestock are unsafe to eat, but assessing the safety of food from cloned animals is difficult given a lack of data. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10418">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=314'>Biotechnology</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=285'>Environment and Environmental Studies</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=368'>Ecology and Ecosystems</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/3FDel31opQw" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10418 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1892#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Coastal farming and ocean ranching of marine fish, shellfish, crustaceans, and seaweed are a major and growing industry worldwide. In the United States, freshwater aquaculture is rapidly becoming a significant commercial activity; however, marine aquaculture has lagged behind.<br>This book examines the obstacles to developing marine aquaculture in the United States and offers specific recommendations for technology and policy strategies to encourage this industry. The volume provides a wealth of information on the status of marine aquaculture--including comparisons between U.S. and foreign approaches to policy and technology and of the diverse species under culture.<br><B>Marine Aquaculture</B> also describes problems of coordination of regulatory policy among various federal, state, and local government agencies and escalating competition for the use of coastal waters. It addresses environmental concerns and suggests engineering and research strategies for alleviating negative impacts from marine aquaculture operations.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1892">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/gCJqgxgKvjE" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1892 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5133#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Since their inception in 1862, the U.S. land grant colleges have evolved to become the training ground for the nation's and the world's agriculturists. In this book, the committee examines the future of the colleges of agriculture in light of changing national priorities for the agricultural, food, and natural resource system. The effects of federal funding constraints also are examined, as are opportunities for growth presented by developments in science. The committee's preceding volume, <B>Colleges of Agriculture at the Land Grant Universities: A Profile</B>, is a compilation of the data that helped formulate the specific questions to be addressed. <B>Colleges of Agriculture at the Land Grant Univerisities: Public Service and Public Policy</B> is the deliberative report, rating conclusions and recommendations for institutional innovation and public policy. It addresses these and other questions:<br><ul><li>What education mission should colleges of agriculture adopt--and what strategies should they use--in light of significant changes in the agricultural complex?<li>Research in agriculture is expected to respond to consumer demands, environmental concerns, world population growth, and increasing pressure on agricultural lands. Is the century-old structure of land grant university-based research up to the task?<li>What is the role of extension in light of today's smaller farming communities and larger farming conglomerates?<br></ul> This volume is the culmination of a landmark evaluation of land grant colleges of agriculture, an American institution. This document will be of value to policymakers, administrators, and others involved in agricultural science and education.<br><br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5133">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=295'>Agricultural Facilities and Equipment</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=282'>Education</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=348'>Higher Education</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/yUgKADXn5wA" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5133 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4801#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This book reviews and evaluates the scientific basis of U.S. management of fisheries for Atlantic bluefin tuna. In particular, it focuses on the issues of stock structure and stock assessments used by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Marine Fisheries Service for management under the International Convention for the conservation of Atlantic Tunas.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4801">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/PTCpYPgfXoE" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=4801 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6114#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This book reviews the performance and effectiveness of the Community Development Quotas (CDQ) programs that were formed as a result of the Sustainable Fisheries Act of 1996. The CDQ program is a method of allocating access to fisheries to eligible communities with the intent of promoting local social and economic conditions through participation in fishing-related activities. The book looks at those Alaskan fisheries that have experience with CDQs, such as halibut, pollock, sablefish, and crab, and comments on the extent to which the programs have met their objectives--helping communities develop ongoing commercial fishing and processing activities, creating employment opportunities, and providing capital for investment in fishing, processing, and support projects such as infrastructure. It also considers how CDQ-type programs might apply in the Western Pacific. <br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6114">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=338'>Ocean Studies</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/S6nbSMGhyCs" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6114 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1622#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> In response to a continuing high loss of commercial fishing vessels and crews, the U.S. Congress has mandated development of new safety requirements for the industry. This volume provides a blueprint for an integrated national safety program that responds realistically to industry conditions, with priority on the most cost-effective alternatives. <B>Fishing Vessel Safety</B> addresses the role of the U.S. Coast Guard and the fishing industry and evaluates such safety measures as vessel inspection and registration, and the training and licensing of fishermen. It explores vessel condition, the role of human behavior, the problem of weather prediction, the high cost of insurance, and more.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1622">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/zEmQwFVSELs" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=1622 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10962#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Flows of the Columbia River, although modified substantially during the twentieth century, still vary considerably between seasons and between years. Lowest flows tend to occur during summer months when demand for irrigation water is at its highest and when water temperatures are greatest. These periods of low flows, high demand, and high temperature are critical periods for juvenile salmon migrating downstream through the Columbia River hydropower system. <P> Although impacts on salmon of any individual water withdrawal may be small, the cumulative effects of numerous withdrawals will affect Columbia River flows and would pose increased risks to salmon survival. The body of scientific knowledge explaining salmon migratory behavior and physiology is substantial, but imperfect, and decision makers should acknowledge this and be willing to take action in the face of uncertainties. <P> In order to provide a more comprehensive water permitting process, the State of Washington, Canada, other basin states, and tribal groups should establish a basin-wide forum to consider future water withdrawal application permits. If the State of Washington issues additional permits for water withdrawals from the Columbia River, those permits should contain provisions that allow withdrawals to be curtailed during critical high-demand periods. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10962">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=342'>Water and Hydrology</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/VpDmvoraTrk" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10962 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10474#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 2010-07-12T13:26:21-04:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> <p>Recent outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Europe and Japan set off alarm bells in the United States and other nations, prompting a flurry of new regulations, border controls, inspections, and other activities to prevent incursions of the diseases. The terrorist attacks in New York City and Washington, DC, added a new note of urgency to the alarm. Concerned about additional acts of terror or sabotage in various sectors of the economy, including agriculture, U.S. government and industry officials have begun to reevaluate emergency management plans in response to these threats and to shift the focus of research and planning.<br /> <br /> More than 200 representatives of government, industry, academia, and nongovernmental organizations gathered at a one-day workshop in Washington, DC, on January 15, 2002, to assess what the United States is doing about emerging animal diseases and related issues and to explore what still needs to be done. Major objectives of the workshop include: (1) elucidating information on the U.S. position with regard to potentially threatening animal diseases; (2) identifying critical problems, barriers, and data gaps; and (3) defining potential future National Academies' activities.<br /> <em><br /> Emerging Animal Diseases</em> describes the issues presented and discussed by the workshop participants. This report summary extracts the key technical issues from the presentations and discussions, rather than presenting each session and panel discussion separately. Many issues were touched upon repeatedly by several speakers in different sessions, and this format is intended to allow readers who did not attend the workshop to have a good understanding of the discussions in the context of the entire workshop.</p> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10474">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=296'>Animal Health and Nutrition</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=278'>Biology and Life Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=311'>Animals, Plants and Other Organisms</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/yt099ccpi-8" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10474 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2116#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> This anchor volume to the series <B>Managing Global Genetic Resources</B> examines the structure that underlies efforts to preserve genetic material, including the worldwide network of genetic collections; the role of biotechnology; and a host of issues that surround management and use.<br>Among the topics explored are <I>in situ</I> versus <I>ex situ</I> conservation, management of very large collections of genetic material, problems of quarantine, the controversy over ownership or copyright of genetic material, and more.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2116">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/Az2h9s1VIzw" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2116 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5145#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Irrigated agriculture has played a critical role in the economic and social development of the United States--but it is also at the root of increasing controversy. How can irrigation best make the transition into an era of increasing water scarcity? In <B>A New Era for Irrigation</B>, experts draw important conclusions about whether irrigation can continue to be the nation's most significant water user, what role the federal government should play, and what the irrigation industry must do to adapt to the conditions of the future. <B>A New Era for Irrigation</B> provides data, examples, and insightful commentary on issues such as<ul><li>Growing competition for water resources.<li>Developments in technology and science.<li>The role of federal subsidies for crops and water.<li>Uncertainties related to American Indian water rights issues.<li>Concern about environmental problems.<li>And more. The committee identifies broad forces of change and reports on how public and private institutions, scientists and technology experts, and individual irrigators have responded. The report includes detailed case studies from the Great Plains, the Pacific Northwest, California, and Florida, in both the agricultural and turfgrass sectors. The cultural transformation brought about by irrigation may be as profound as the transformation of the landscape. The committee examines major facets of this cultural perspective and explores its place in the future. <B>A New Era for Irrigation</B> explains how irrigation emerged in the nineteenth century, how it met the nation's goals in the twentieth century, and what role it might play in the twenty-first century. It will be important to growers, policymakers, regulators, environmentalists, water and soil scientists, water rights claimants, and interested individuals.<br></ul><br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5145">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/YTap8bTg2IQ" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5145 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2212#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Rangelands comprise between 40 and 50 percent of all U.S. land and serve the nation both as productive areas for wildlife, recreational use, and livestock grazing and as watersheds. The health and management of rangelands have been matters for scientific inquiry and public debate since the 1880s, when reports of widespread range degradation and livestock losses led to the first attempts to inventory and classify rangelands.<br>Scientists are now questioning the utility of current methods of rangeland classification and inventory, as well as the data available to determine whether rangelands are being degraded. These experts, who are using the same methods and data, have come to different conclusions.<br>This book examines the scientific basis of methods used by federal agencies to inventory, classify, and monitor rangelands; it assesses the success of these methods; and it recommends improvements. The book's findings and recommendations are of interest to the public; scientists; ranchers; and local, state, and federal policymakers.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2212">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/Cbn4sAk2kW0" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2212 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6067#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> The collapse of cod, flounder, and haddock fish stocks in the Northeast United States has caused widespread concern among managers and fishers in the United States and Canada. The diminishing stocks have forced managers to take strict regulatory measures. Numerous questions have been raised about the adequacy of stock assessment science used to evaluate the status of these stocks and the appropriateness of the management measures taken. Based on these concerns, Congress mandated that a scientific review of the methodology and data used to evaluate these stocks be conducted. In this volume, the committee concludes that although there are improvements to be made in data collection, modeling uncertainty, and communicating between fishers, managers, and scientists, the scientific methods used in the Northeast stock assessments are sound. Recommendations are made on how the stock assessment process can be improved.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6067">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=338'>Ocean Studies</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/JCxUr-QmSlE" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6067 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6335#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Most U.S. fish stocks are fully or over-exploited, and harvesting in many fisheries far exceeds sustainable levels. The individual fishing quota (IFQ) is a relatively new instrument under which harvesting privileges are allocated to individual fishermen--innovative yet controversial for its feared effect on fishing communities and individual fishermen.<br> <br> Based on testimony from fishermen, regulators, environmentalists, and others, <B>Sharing the Fish</B> explores how IFQs might address the serious social, economic, and biologic issues raised by depleted fish stocks. In their approach to a national policy on IFQs, the panel makes direct recommendations to Congress, the Secretary of Commerce, the National Marine Fisheries Service, regional fishery management councils, state authorities, and others.<br> <br> This book provides definitions and examples, reviews legislation and regulations, and includes lessons learned from fisheries on the U.S. East Coast and in Alaska, and in Iceland, New Zealand, and other nations. The committee discusses the public trust doctrine, management of common-pool resources, alternative and complementary approaches to the IFQ, and more.<br> <br> <B>Sharing the Fish</B> provides straightforward answers that will be important to fishery policymakers and regulators, natural resource economists, fishery managers, environmental advocates, and concerned fishermen and their communities. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6335">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=281'>Earth Sciences</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=338'>Ocean Studies</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/chSxuDhpHic" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=6335 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11045#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> Under the Magnuson-Stevens Fisheries Conservation and Management Act (FCMA), managers are required to use the best scientific information available in the preparation of federal fishery management plans (National Standard 2 in the FCMA). However, the Act provides no further guidance as to how conformance to this standard should be determined. Because adherence to this standard has often been contentious, Congress has considered adding a definition for what constitutes best scientific information available in the reauthorization of the FCMA. This report examines both the current application and the controversy over the standard and concludes that a legislative definition would be too inflexible to accommodate regional differences and future advances in science and technology. Instead, the report recommends that NOAA Fisheries adopt procedural guidelines to ensure that the scientific information used in the development of fishery management plans is relevant and timely and is the product of processes characterized by inclusiveness, transparency and openness, timeliness, and peer review. <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11045">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=297'>Aquaculture and Fisheries</a> | <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=300'>Policy, Reviews and Evaluations</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/TJlKm5Oz6-E" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11045 tag:nap.edu,2005:http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2077#final 2005-07-19T09:47:00-04:00 1969-12-31T19:00:00-05:00 The National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu <p><strong>Final Book Now Available</strong></p> For developing nations, soil erosion is among the most chronic environmental and economic burdens. Vast amounts of topsoil are washed or blown away from arable land only to accumulate in rivers, reservoirs, harbors, and estuaries, thereby creating a double disaster: a vital resource disappears from where it is desperately needed and is deposited where it is equally unwanted.<br>Despite much rhetoric and effort, little has been done to overcome this problem. Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site.<br>This book assesses vetiver's promise and limitations and identifies places where this grass can be deployed without undue environmental risk.<br> <p>[<a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2077">Read the full report</a>]</p> <p><strong>Topics:</strong> <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=276'>Agriculture</a> &raquo; <a href='http://www.nap.edu/topics.php?id=298'>Crop and Plant Production</a></p><br /> <img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/nap/new/topic/276/~4/LPBtKUlF8RU" height="1" width="1"/> http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=2077